Refractive index sensor based on evanescent field effects in hollow core PCF for detection of analytes over extended E+S+C+L+U communication bands

Abstract

We present an innovative platform for photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based refractive index (RI) sensor for the detection of analytes. Our PCF operating on the principle of a single mode is spliced with multi-mode fiber on both sides. This PCF contains an empty core, surrounded by elliptical plasma dielectric rods suspended in solid microstructured cladding for different pump signals over the extended range of E + S + C + L + U communication bands. The empty core of this photonic device is injected with analytes leading to generation of an evanescent field. The doping of boron is subjected to significantly diminish the upgraded refractive index of silica which ingresses special capabilities that endow an outstanding potential to PCF for the profoundly intense pulse laser. We present structure with over the extended E-band (1360-1460 nm) ultra-flat anomalous dispersion below −50 ps/nm/km and over the ultra-long U-band (1625–1675 nm) flat near zero anomalous dispersion with high birefringence dedicated to sensing application over the entire communication band. Our designed PCF shows better performance for both high contribution and asymmetric shape of plasma dielectric rods and is strongly sensitive to the refractive index of analytes injected in the core of the PCF.