Microwave Devices and Circuits for Advanced Wireless Communication Design and Analysis

Abstract

The chapter commences with a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental ideas behind metasurfaces, as well as their use in the realm of antenna design. Moreover, this chapter delves into the physics underlying metasurfaces, elucidating their ability to alter electromagnetic waves by modifying the impedance of the medium. This chapter examines different categories of metasurfaces, including frequency-selective surfaces (FSS) and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures, and their distinct roles in antenna design. The chapter covers the underlying working principles of metasurface antennas, emphasizing their unique ability to control the phase, amplitude, and polarization of electromagnetic waves. It explores the significance of unit cell design, phase gradient control, and impedance matching in the design process. A critical aspect of metasurface antennas is their multi-frequency operation, and this chapter discusses techniques for achieving versatile and broadband performance. The primary focus of this chapter is the design and analysis of antennas based on metasurfaces for GHz frequency applications. This chapter explores the most important aspects of antenna design, including radiation pattern control, impedance matching with bandwidth improvement, and gain enhancement. This chapter also demonstrates, through exhaustive case studies and numerical simulations, how metasurface antennas outperform conventional designs in terms of size reduction, beamforming capabilities, and enhanced gain. The potential impact of metasurface antennas on modern technologies like 5G communication and the Internet of Things (IoT) are also covered. © 2025 selection and editorial matter, Dilip Kumar Choudhary, Naveen Mishra, Indrasen Singh, Naser Ojaroudi Parchin, and Ghanshyam Singh; individual chapters, the contributors.