Next-Generation Immunosensing Technologies Based on Nano-Bio-Engineered Paper Matrices

Abstract

Immunosensors are promising diagnostics for the next-generation healthcare systems and are evolving constantly with technological advancements. In recent days, immunosensors have found wide attention in the field of healthcare/clinical diagnostics due to their excellent capabilities of detecting various causative agents for diseases/disorders. Unlike the conventional immuno-technologies, immunosensors support ASSURED criteria for the diagnostics provided by the World Health Organization, and hence it has found wider commercial attention globally. In this chapter, we have summarized such immunosensors fabricated using paper substrates in comprehensive details and pictorial illustrations. First section of this chapter describes the conventional immuno-technologies used in biomedical/clinical applications and their associated limitations. In the next section, the chapter describes the transformations of clinical diagnostic technologies to the adoption of inexpensive paper-based solutions. Followed by this, the chapter also describes different types of paper-based immunosensors used for biomedical/clinical applications. Further, the recent trends and advancements have been summarized and concluded with detailed discussions in the next section. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.