Optimization of Supercritical Extraction of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Seed and Characterization of Essential Ingredients

Abstract

Super critical fluid extraction (SC-CO2) of essential oil from coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds was performed. The effects of various parameters such as pressure (200-350 bar), temperature (30-45°C) and SC-CO2 flow rate (10-16 g/min) were investigated. The optimum condition was observed at pressure of 350 bar, temperature of 35°C and SC-CO2 flow rate of 14 g/min. The maximum extraction yield 4.55% was obtained under optimized conditions. ANOVA analysis showed that extraction pressure was the most significant factor on the essential oil yield. The morphology of coriander seeds was examined by SEM technique. The functional groups and chemical composition of coriander oil was analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS. Petroselinic acid, myristic acid, linalool, 4-bromo-2-adamantanol, cis-isoapiole and (-)-carvone were the major components in the essential oil of coriander seed. © 2018 Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons.