Drug repurposing and computational drug discovery for diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated metabolic condition that is defined by elevated blood glucose levels, as well as other symptoms. Type 2 diabetes is linked to sedentary lifestyles and obesity because of urbanization (T2D). A variety of methods have been used to control glucose metabolism and treat diabetes clinically. Controlling blood sugar levels with conventional anti-diabetic medicines is promising. Weight gain and decreased therapeutic effectiveness are also side effects of optimal usage of these medicines. Repurposing existing medications has been a major focus in pharmaceutics research and industry. It is possible that drugs designed to treat one condition will also work on others. It is possible to reuse, repurpose, reorganize, and redeploy your resources in a variety of ways. In the last 30 years, the practice of repurposing or repositioning medication has grown in popularity. Compared to previous methods, this one has lower research expenses and a more acceptable safety record. Certain drug regimens for certain illnesses often include side effects. In certain cases, antidiabetic drugs may have adverse effects that include porphyria. Those that suffer from porphyria are quite rare. When an off phenotype is seen, it may imply that the medicine should be utilized more widely. A fortuitous discovery might be made because of biological tests or experimental screenings that target certain sickness models and drugs. When it comes to screening a broad range of drugs or illnesses, these approaches are more adaptable. By using computational biology methodologies and bioinformatic methods, in-silico drug screening can undertake virtual screenings of massive drug and chemical databases. The validation steps might be examined in vitro first, and subsequently in vivo models, after the medication has been selected. This chapter details about repurposing and computational drug discoveries in the field of diabetes. © 2024 Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.