Simulating One-Dimensional Consolidation of Clays with Non-Darcian Flow by using Newton–Raphson Technique

Abstract

The aim of this study is to modify the numerical technique for simulating one-dimensional consolidation of clays with non-Darcian flow having exponential form of the hydraulic gradient. Traditionally, for simplifying the numerical scheme, the hydraulic gradient in the exponential term is evaluated in the previous (known) time state. In the present article, these gradients are computed in the current (unknown) time state with the usage of Newton–Raphson technique. The impact of these two time states on the consolidation settlement is extensively investigated with the usage of Barakat–Clark explicit and Crank–Nicolson implicit scheme of discretization. The analysis reveals that although the traditional approach eases the computational process, it estimates faster rate of dissipation. The simulations are carried out for time-dependent ramp loading corresponding to different drainage boundary conditions. The deviation between the conventional and the present approach further seems to be influenced by the model parameters and the loading rate. © 2021, Indian Geotechnical Society.