Chitosan nanoparticles in wound healing and dressing application

Abstract

The objective behind this chapter is to provide a thorough overview of the prospective applications of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) in dressing and wound healing applications. Healing of wound is an intricate process, and efficient wound dressings remain a major medical challenge. Chitosan is a natural polymer obtained from chitin, a promising biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties. An overview of wound healing and the critical function of wound dressings in facilitating the best possible wound repair is provided at the beginning of the chapter. The features and benefits of CSNPs are then explored, highlighting their potential for biomedical applications. The synthesis and characterization of CSNPs are discussed, providing insights into evaluation methods for their physicochemical properties. The therapeutic benefits of CSNPs in wound healing are the principle focus of the chapter. Their antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, and immunomodulatory characteristics are explained, emphasizing their potential to create a favorable wound healing environment. The use of CSNPs as bandages is extensively explored, considering their improved drug delivery, sustained release of therapeutic agents, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and flexibility in adhesive and flexible dressing forms. The chapter also covers the application of CSNPs in managing chronic wounds, with a specific focus on diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure ulcers. Clinical investigations as well as case reports that demonstrate the effectiveness of CSNPs in practical wound healing scenarios are also emphasized. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.