An Introduction to Omics in Relevance to Industrial Microbiology

Abstract

The notion of genetics has been permanently imprinted in all living organisms by the basic central dogma of molecular biology (DNA, RNA, protein, and metabolite). Although the idea has been accepted for many years, the development of high-throughput technologies, particularly omics (genomics [study of genome], cytomics [study of cytology], transcriptomics [study of transcriptome], proteomics [study of proteome], and metabolomics [study of metabolome]), has revolutionized the field and allowed it to incorporate extensive data analysis, including bioinformatics and systems biology, as well as the area of synthetic biology and industrial microbiology. Omics technologies, often known as high-dimensional biology, incorporate information about cells, tissues, and organisms and assist in its interpretation across various platforms. The method offers the possibility for unveiling the intricate details in diverse aspects of biology and quickens the pace of scientific innovation. This chapter elaborates the fundamentals of omics and their applications in industrial microbiology. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.