Application of nanoparticles for inorganic water purification

Abstract

The rapid exploitation of natural resources for the growing population creates a huge gap between supply and demand curves. This situation creates a strong pressure on agriculture and industry sectors for more production, which will led to massive waste water volumes. This mode of work for more production adds different range of pollutants and leads to radical changes in composition, complexity, function, and toxicity. Out of these audacities, the biggest challenge that comes across is the complexity of the effluent, which makes the effluent treatment difficult as per the situation. These complexities entail a group of different technologies, causing higher operational time and costs. Nanotechnology is the most efficient economic platform with concurrent removal of compound pollutants from the wastewater and quite low secondary pollution. Multifunctional nanoparticles are offered for the simultaneous control of various inorganic pollutants. The present chapter emphasizes on the different inorganic pollutants, their respective toxicity, and multifunctional developments of nanotechnology. The analysis accomplishes with an overview of recent research into multifunctional nanoparticles functioned as adsorbents, disinfectants, and photocatalysts. That is why, nanotechnology is an ecofriendly method for overcoming the limitations of current water treatment technology as a better substitute deprived of multifaceted wastewater treatment plants. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.