Steam reforming catalysts for membrane reformer

Abstract

Hydrogen can be used as a clean energy carrier to generate power for both stationary and mobile applications when integrated with the PEM fuel cell. However, the high-purity hydrogen requirement of PEM fuel cell and safety hazard in hydrogen storage and transportation limit the use of the technology. Membrane reformers have the potential to solve these challenges. Generally, alcohols are used as a feed to the membrane reformer, considering their safe storage and easy transportation. However, the membrane reformers are still in the development stage and require numerous systematic studies on different components involved in it to standardize its performance before it can be commercialized. One of the critical components of the membrane reformer is the catalyst used for the steam reforming of alcohol, which is used as a feed to the reformer. In this chapter, different catalysts used for steam reforming of methanol, ethanol, and glycerol are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of each catalyst concerning their use in membrane reformer are presented. Finally, a broad summary is given regarding the qualities of the catalyst, which are needed for successful integration with high hydrogen-selective membranes in a single unit called membrane reformer. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.