Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using Tinospora cordifolia plant extract & its potential application for photocatalysis and antibacterial activity

Abstract

Green synthesis is a straightforward, non-toxic, cost-effective and eco-friendly method of synthesising nanoparticles. The present study used Tinospora cordifolia plant stem extract to synthesise Titanium (IV) Dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The plant extract had characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Obtained NPs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD pattern demonstrated the anatase phase formation and the existence of nano-crystalline TiO2 with an average crystallite size of 15.02 nm. The optical characteristics of NPs had identified by UV–Visible Spectroscopy. SEM study revealed that the synthesised nanoparticle was triangular-shaped and the average size of the synthesised NPs was in the range of nanometers. The optical energy band gap of synthesised TiO2 was 3.13 eV. The average hydrodynamic radius and zeta potential of synthesised TiO2 NPs were 153.4 nm and −28.4 mV, respectively. Acid Blue 113 was photo-catalytically degraded through green synthesised TiO2 NPs. Under optimum operating conditions, 94.43% AB 113 degradation occurred in 80 min. The degradation reaction follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics having a reaction rate constant value of 0.03362 min−1. The zone of inhibition exhibited by TiO2 NPs was 13 ± 0.39 and 26.5 ± 0.79 mm corresponding concentrations of 150 and 500 µg/mL, respectively. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.